The top 4 purple indica strains and the science of anthocyanins
The world of cannabis is rich with diversity, and one striking variety that draws attention is purple cannabis. These vividly-hued strains are often prized for their unique appearance and, sometimes, their distinct flavor profiles.
Beyond aesthetics, the purple coloration in cannabis is the result of specific genetic and environmental factors, largely due to the presence of anthocyanins — pigments that interact with cannabinoids and potentially influence the plant’s effects.
This article explores a few of the most famous purple weed strains, delving into their genetic lineage, regional origins, and the science behind their captivating color.
What Makes Purple Weed Purple?
The purple hue in certain cannabis strains comes from anthocyanins, a group of flavonoids responsible for red, blue, and purple pigments in plants. Anthocyanins are common in fruits like blueberries, grapes, and purple cabbage, and they are also present in cannabis strains with the right genetic and environmental conditions.
In cannabis, anthocyanins serve as more than just aesthetic markers. They can act as antioxidants and may even interact with cannabinoids such as THC and CBD, contributing to the plant’s overall effect. These pigments are typically activated in cooler climates, where a drop in temperature can signal the plant to produce more anthocyanins, resulting in a vibrant purple color.
Genetics and Environmental Influence
Purple strains owe their color primarily to genetics. Cannabis plants with the right genetic makeup can produce high levels of anthocyanins under favorable conditions, especially in cooler growing regions.
While some purple strains are bred for their color, others are a result of adaptation to specific environments. Notably, strains with Afghan, Pakistani, and Himalayan genetics are more likely to display purple hues due to their origins in high-altitude and cooler regions.
What are some famous purple cannabis strains and their origins?
Let’s take a look at some of the most popular purple cannabis strains, their genetic backgrounds, and the regions where they first rose to fame.
1. Granddaddy Purple (GDP)
Genetics: Purple Urkle x Big Bud
Region: California, USA
Granddaddy Purple, often known as GDP, is one of the most iconic purple strains. Created in 2003 by Ken Estes in California, this strain quickly gained popularity for its relaxing effects and striking color.
GDP’s purple color comes from its parent, Purple Urkle, a strain known for its deep purple hues and potent sedative effects. By crossing Purple Urkle with Big Bud, a strain famous for its large, resinous buds, Estes created a high-yielding, visually stunning strain with powerful, calming effects.
Granddaddy Purple remains a favorite for many cannabis enthusiasts due to its relaxing properties and grape-like aroma. It has become a staple in Californian cannabis culture, often grown in cooler climates to enhance its purple coloration.
2. Purple Haze
Genetics: Haze x Purple Thai
Region: Thailand and California, USA
Purple Haze is a legendary strain with a name made famous by Jimi Hendrix’s iconic song. This sativa-dominant strain originates from a cross between Haze and Purple Thai, a rare landrace strain from Thailand. Known for its euphoric and uplifting effects, Purple Haze became popular in the 1960s and ’70s and has maintained a strong presence in cannabis culture.
The purple color in Purple Haze is not as pronounced as in other strains, but with the right growing conditions, the buds can develop a subtle violet hue. Purple Haze is celebrated for its energetic effects, making it a popular choice among those looking for a classic, cerebral high.
3. Purple Kush
Genetics: Hindu Kush x Purple Afghani
Region: Hindu Kush Mountain Range
Purple Kush is an indica strain that traces its lineage back to the Hindu Kush mountains, a region known for producing resilient cannabis plants with heavy resin production. Purple Kush is a result of crossing Hindu Kush with Purple Afghani, another landrace strain with deep purple genetics.
Purple Kush’s purple color is heavily influenced by its Afghan lineage, as strains from this region naturally produce high levels of anthocyanins, especially when exposed to cooler temperatures. Known for its sedative effects, Purple Kush has a strong following among those looking for a deeply relaxing experience.
4. Blackberry Kush
Genetics: Afghani x Blackberry
Region: California, USA
Blackberry Kush is a popular indica-dominant strain with a striking dark purple color and a rich, berry-like flavor. This strain combines the genetics of an Afghani indica with Blackberry, creating a hybrid that is visually stunning and highly potent.
Grown primarily in California, Blackberry Kush thrives in environments where cooler temperatures bring out its purple hues. The strain is well-loved for its relaxing effects and fruity aroma, often used by those seeking relief from stress or discomfort.
How do anthocyanins impact color?
Anthocyanins are water-soluble pigments found in the vacuoles of plant cells. They appear purple, red, or blue depending on the pH level of the plant tissue and environmental factors such as temperature and light exposure.
In cannabis, cooler temperatures, especially during the flowering phase, can stimulate anthocyanin production, leading to the vibrant purples seen in strains like GDP and Purple Kush.
Anthocyanins and cannabinoid interaction
While anthocyanins are primarily known for their color, recent research suggests they may also interact with cannabinoids, potentially influencing the plant's effects on the body. Anthocyanins possess antioxidant and soothing properties, which may complement the therapeutic effects of cannabinoids like CBD and THC. However, more research is needed to fully understand how anthocyanins affect cannabinoid absorption and activity in the ECS.
According to some research, anthocyanins have shown potential to support cell health during exposure to oxidative stress, which aligns with some of the wellness effects attributed to cannabinoids. This synergy between anthocyanins and cannabinoids might explain why some people feel that purple strains offer a unique experience, though scientific evidence is still limited.
Why do some growers aim for purple strains?
The aesthetic appeal of purple weed strains is undeniable. Growers often cultivate purple strains not only for their effects but also for their marketability, as the vibrant color tends to attract consumers.
Additionally, purple strains are frequently associated with unique flavor profiles, often described as earthy, berry-like, or fruity.
Growers may alter growing conditions to encourage anthocyanin production, such as reducing temperatures during the flowering stage. However, these changes must be carefully balanced to avoid stressing the plant, which could reduce yield or potency.
Does purple cannabis have unique effects?
While there is no conclusive evidence that purple strains have effects significantly different from non-purple strains, the presence of anthocyanins may contribute to subtle differences. Some users report that purple strains feel more relaxing or sedative, which could be attributed to the terpene profile rather than the color itself.
For instance, strains like Purple Kush are high in myrcene, a terpene known for its sedative properties, which may enhance the calming effects associated with purple weed.
Terpene Profiles in Purple Strains
Terpenes play a significant role in the overall experience of a strain, and purple strains often have unique terpene profiles:
- Myrcene: Common in indica-dominant purple strains, myrcene may enhance relaxation.
- Limonene: Found in some purple strains like Purple Haze, limonene contributes to a citrusy aroma and uplifting effects.
- Pinene: This terpene adds a piney aroma and may help counterbalance any sedative effects, creating a more balanced experience.
FAQ: Do anthocyanins in purple weed affect wellness?
Do anthocyanins influence the effects of cannabinoids?
While anthocyanins are primarily responsible for the color of purple weed, they may also have antioxidant and soothing effects.
Although there is limited research on how anthocyanins interact with cannabinoids, some studies suggest they may complement the wellness effects of cannabinoids by supporting overall cellular health.
Are purple weed strains more potent than green strains?
No, the color of cannabis does not directly correlate with potency. The strength of a strain is primarily determined by its cannabinoid and terpene profile rather than its color. However, the unique terpenes often present in purple strains may contribute to different sensory effects.
Does purple weed have different flavors?
Many purple strains are associated with berry or fruity flavors, likely due to the combination of specific terpenes such as myrcene and limonene. This flavor profile is often enhanced by the presence of anthocyanins, which may subtly affect aroma and taste.
The bottom line
Purple weed strains have captivated the cannabis world with their vivid colors, unique flavor profiles, and reputed effects.
From Granddaddy Purple to Purple Haze, these strains carry rich histories and genetic lineages that contribute to their status in cannabis culture. The science behind their color — centered around anthocyanins — adds an intriguing layer to understanding how these compounds may interact with cannabinoids, potentially influencing their effects.
While purple strains may not be inherently more potent, their aesthetic and sensory appeal make them a sought-after choice for many.
This statement has not been evaluated by the Food & Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
Sources:
Anthocyanins and Oxidative Stress | National Library of Medicine
Understanding Anthocyanins | Healthline